Minimum entry grades for universities and a cap on student numbers are part of government plans to shake up England's higher education system. Students will need GCSE passes in English and Maths, or the equivalent of two grade Es at A-level, under plans set out on 24 February. About a third currently fail to achieve a grade 4 in those core GCSEs, the equivalent to a C in the old system. Entry grade exemptions, possibly for mature students, will be considered in the future. The intention is to restrict entry to courses not offering a good route into graduate jobs and prevent universities from recruiting students into higher education before they are ready. Universities have already been told they will have some responsibility for courses leading to good jobs. Ministers argue the reforms should encourage more young people to consider apprenticeships or other higher qualifications.