A new high-security mega-prison is Costa Rica’s response to rising organised crime and persistently high homicide rates. President Laura Fernández opened the High-Containment Centre Against Organised Crime, which will accommodate 5,100 prisoners, about 20% of the country's existing prison population. The first transfers are expected towards the end of October. Costa Rica recorded 905 homicides in 2023, followed by 876 in 2024 and 873 in 2025, with competition between criminal organisations over drug-trafficking routes contributing to the violence. Officials believe the new facility will strengthen prison security and reduce criminal influence within the penal system. Similar policies have gained popularity across Latin America, particularly following the example set by Nayib Bukele, president of El Salvador. Although such measures have been associated with falling homicide rates, human rights organisations warn that mass detention and harsh prison conditions can undermine civil liberties, due process and prisoners' welfare.